Inscriptions: Epitaph of Valeria Crene

Identification

Reference as:	MPL00880
Title	Epitaph of Valeria Crene
Trismegistos-No.	223104

Object

Provenance and Location

Find Place	Urso
Find Context	Unknown.
Latitude	0.0
Longitude	0.0
Current Location	Málaga
Inventory number
Current Location Details	Private residence of the writers Maria Victoria Atencia and Rafael León.
Vicinity	[{"coords": [37.2466, -5.09928], "id": 880, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/880", "long_id": "MPL00880", "place": "Urso", "text": "Valeria [. l(iberta?) Crene], an(norum) XL, p(ia) \u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/se18.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of Valeria Crene"}, {"coords": [37.2466, -5.09928], "id": 819, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/819", "long_id": "MPL00819", "place": "Urso", "text": "Fabia Ianuaria, ann(orum) XXV, pia in suis.- Qui\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://centrocil.web.uah.es/fotos_cilii/5/cilii5,01118.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of the freedwoman Fabia Ianuaria by her patron Fabius Venustus"}, {"coords": [37.2466, -5.09928], "id": 820, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/820", "long_id": "MPL00820", "place": "Urso", "text": "Ferraria T(iti) f(ilia) Iu[---ann(orum)] XVI h(ic)\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Urso \u2013 Osuna (Baetica) - HD006398"}, {"coords": [37.2466, -5.09928], "id": 878, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/878", "long_id": "MPL00878", "place": "Urso", "text": "------ C(ai) l(ibertus) Faustus, XX ann(orum), h(\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph of the freedman Faustus"}, {"coords": [37.2466, -5.09928], "id": 881, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/881", "long_id": "MPL00881", "place": "Urso", "text": "------ L(- - -) L(- - -). XX tecum transfers non\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph to an unknown dedicatee from Urso"}, {"coords": [38.9191, -6.33871], "id": 2229, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2229", "long_id": "MPL02229", "place": "Emerita Augusta", "text": "M(arco) Cornelio M(arci) f(ilio) Pap(iria) Pollio[\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://cil2digital.web.uah.es/images/editores/directorio-epigrafias/607-CILAE/CILAE_607.2_H._Gimeno.JPG", "title": "Epitaph of Marcus Cornelius Pollio, Marcus Cornelius Urbanus and Marcus Cornelius Celer by the freedwoman Cornelia Iucunda"}, {"coords": [37.3827, -5.99629], "id": 246, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/246", "long_id": "MPL00246", "place": "Hispalis", "text": "Nome vixit anno et mensibus VIII diebus XII h(ic) \u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph for Nome"}, {"coords": [37.3621, -6.67894], "id": 801, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/801", "long_id": "MPL00801", "place": "Ilipula", "text": "Terrenum corpus caelestis spiritus in me quo repen\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Funerary inscription for Fabatus"}, {"coords": [37.4742, -4.42594], "id": 802, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/802", "long_id": "MPL00802", "place": "Igabrum", "text": "[--?]N(?)atius L(uci) [f(ilius)---] [flame]n sacro\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Igabrum, bei \u2013 Fuente de las Piedras (Baetica) - HD001212"}, {"coords": [37.5409, -5.07995], "id": 810, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/810", "long_id": "MPL00810", "place": "Astigi", "text": "[\u2066 - - - - - - - - - - \u2069] [---]ri(?) aliis(?) [iam\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Astigi \u2013 \u00c9cija (Baetica) - HD002943"}, {"coords": [37.5409, -5.07995], "id": 882, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/882", "long_id": "MPL00882", "place": "Astigi", "text": "[\u2066 - - - - - - - - - - \u2069] sic nam memor[---] studi\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Astigi, bei \u2013 \u00c9cija, bei (Baetica) - HD031994"}, {"coords": [37.5409, -5.07995], "id": 883, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/883", "long_id": "MPL00883", "place": "Astigi", "text": "L(ucius) Petronius L(ucii) f(ilius) Primus hic sit\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph of Lucius Petronius Primus by his wife"}, {"coords": [37.5966, -4.30846], "id": 812, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/812", "long_id": "MPL00812", "place": "Iponoba", "text": "L(ocus) p(edum) [---] P(ublius) Aeliu[s---] [t]e l\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Iponoba \u2013 Cerro del Minguillar (Baetica) - HD003146"}, {"coords": [37.6886, -4.4796], "id": 813, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/813", "long_id": "MPL00813", "place": "Soricaria", "text": "T\u0323[e], l\u0323apis, obtestor, le-vite\u0323r\u0323 super ossa\u0323 re\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/co3.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of the slave Graeca by her husband Iacchus and an anonymous dedicator"}, {"coords": [38.4751, -4.67948], "id": 814, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/814", "long_id": "MPL00814", "place": "Solia", "text": "[Me donec vivam dolor excruci]abit acerbu[s] [stir\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Solia, bei \u2013 Fuencaliente (Baetica) - HD003968"}, {"coords": [37.2245, -5.31238], "id": 2223, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2223", "long_id": "MPL02223", "place": "Carula", "text": "Firma ((hedera)) Epaphroditi ann(orum) ((hedera)) \u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph of the freedwoman Firma"}, {"coords": [37.8847, -4.77917], "id": 821, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/821", "long_id": "MPL00821", "place": "Corduba", "text": "Column A: [--- n]o\u0323verat unum [---]t et pia nutri\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/co15.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of Festus"}, {"coords": [37.8847, -4.77917], "id": 2205, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2205", "long_id": "MPL02205", "place": "Corduba", "text": "T(itus) Acclenus T(iti) f(ilius) Qui(rina) cent(ur\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://db.edcs.eu/epigr/bilder/$MS_CIL_02-07_00287.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of Titus Acclenus, Annia Helena and Decimus Vergilius Amarantus"}, {"coords": [37.8847, -4.77917], "id": 2210, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2210", "long_id": "MPL02210", "place": "Corduba", "text": "Nominibus cunctis digno laudata p\u0323u\u0323d\u0323[ore] Servil\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/co9.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of Servilia from Corduba"}, {"coords": [37.8847, -4.77917], "id": 2217, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2217", "long_id": "MPL02217", "place": "Corduba", "text": "Ac\u0323tius mur(millo), ((hedera)) vic(it) VI, an(n)o(\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/co11.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of the gladiator Actius by his wife"}, {"coords": [37.8847, -4.77917], "id": 2236, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2236", "long_id": "MPL02236", "place": "Corduba", "text": "Hirria, L(uci) f(ilia), Pa[---] hic sita est, ann[\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph of Hirria and of the freedwoman Petilia Marta"}, {"coords": [37.8309, -4.05018], "id": 843, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/843", "long_id": "MPL00843", "place": "Batora", "text": "[---S]ex(ti) f(ilia) A[---] [hic sita in tumulo i]\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Batora, bei \u2013 Mingo Lope (Baetica) - HD017866"}, {"coords": [37.8709, -4.18475], "id": 475, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/475", "long_id": "MPL00475", "place": "Obulco", "text": "M(arcus) Porcius M(arci) [f(ilius) ---] Hered\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/j15.jpg", "title": "Carmen dedicated to Marcus Porcius"}, {"coords": [37.8709, -4.18475], "id": 851, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/851", "long_id": "MPL00851", "place": "Obulco", "text": "D(is) M(anibus) s(acrum) quis [---]LI[---] sed[---\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Obulco \u2013 Porcuna (Baetica) - HD020194"}, {"coords": [37.9349, -4.05478], "id": 870, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/870", "long_id": "MPL00870", "place": "Urgavo", "text": "Dextera [---] nunc SC[---] hic gracili[---] haec m\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Urgavo \u2013 Arjona (Baetica) - HD027665"}, {"coords": [37.9349, -4.05478], "id": 871, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/871", "long_id": "MPL00871", "place": "Urgavo", "text": "[\u2066 - - - - - - - - - - \u2069] [\u2066 - - - - - - - - - - \u2069\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Urgavo \u2013 Arjona (Baetica) - HD027668"}, {"coords": [37.9349, -4.05478], "id": 872, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/872", "long_id": "MPL00872", "place": "Urgavo", "text": "[\u2066 - - - - - - - - - - \u2069] [---]REDE[---] [---]NINT\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Urgavo \u2013 Arjona (Baetica) - HD027671"}, {"coords": [37.4481, -6.36364], "id": 874, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/874", "long_id": "MPL00874", "place": "Tucci", "text": "Caesia T(iti) f(ilia) Celsa an(norum) LXV h(ic) s(\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Tucci, bei \u2013 Torredelcampo (Baetica) - HD029284"}, {"coords": [37.5911, -4.08675], "id": 875, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/875", "long_id": "MPL00875", "place": "Sosontigi", "text": "Fabia L(uci) f(ilia) Albana Ai-ungitana n(norum) X\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Sosontigi, bei \u2013 Alcaudete (Baetica) - HD029413"}, {"coords": [37.8489, -3.5603], "id": 869, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/869", "long_id": "MPL00869", "place": "Ossigi", "text": "Hic TV[---]-RE iaces [---]-nina pu{u}e[lla] qu(a)e\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Ossigi, bei \u2013 Jimena - Torres, zwischen (Baetica) - HD027503"}, {"coords": [38.0081, -3.36853], "id": 2206, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2206", "long_id": "MPL02206", "place": "Salaria", "text": "Gemina, D(ecii) Pu-blici Subici ser(va), an(norum)\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/j8.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of the slave Gemina by the coppersmith Caius"}, {"coords": [36.4678, -5.92787], "id": 2207, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2207", "long_id": "MPL02207", "place": "Asido", "text": "Murcia liberta, iuvenis an(norum) XXVIII. Semp\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph of the freedwoman Murcia"}, {"coords": [38.9161, -6.3401], "id": 2221, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2221", "long_id": "MPL02221", "place": "Emerita Augusta", "text": "M(arcus) Helvius, (mulieris) lib(ertus), Mar-sua, \u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph of the freed couple Marcus Helvius Marsua and Mallia Galla"}, {"coords": [38.9161, -6.3401], "id": 2225, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2225", "long_id": "MPL02225", "place": "Emerita Augusta", "text": "Iulia C(ai) f(ilia) Anulla hic sita est, fato p\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://db.edcs.eu/epigr/bilder/$Edmondson-2021_00007.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of Iulia Anulla and of the freedwoman Candilia Iucunda by the freedman Lucius Iulius Felix"}, {"coords": [37.7073, -5.34643], "id": 2218, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2218", "long_id": "MPL02218", "place": "Celti", "text": "D(is) M(anibus) s(acrum). Atimeti lib(erta) Fabia \u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/se23.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of the freedwoman Fabia Merope"}, {"coords": [36.5293, -6.29312], "id": 2252, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2252", "long_id": "MPL02252", "place": "Cadiz", "text": "Romana c(ara) s(uis) an(norum) XX h(ic) s(ita) e(s\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph of Romana"}]

Object Details

Object Type	slab
Material	marble
State of Preservation	fragmentary (adjoining fragments)
Dimensions	width: 43.5 cm height: 64.0 cm depth: 2.5 cm
Letter Size in cm (min)	3.0
Letter Size in cm (max)	5.0
Execution Technique	chiselled
Religion	Pagan

Decoration

Decoration and Iconography
Decoration Tags

Verse Layouts

Prose Verse Presence	Praescriptum + carmen
Prose Verse Distinction	Yes, by bigger lettering in prose Yes, by vacat
Layout Types (Prose)	Right aligned
Layout Types (Verse)	Right aligned
Scriptio Continua in verse part	no
Abbreviations in verse part	no
Verse Line Correspondence	Yes
Graphic Signs and Spaces for Easier Carmen Reading	To mark a pentameter in an elegiac couplet (indentation) To separate words - Interpunction

Text

Function	funerary inscription
Language(s)	Latin
Verse Type(s)	Elegiac couplet
Rhythmisation	Quantitative scheme

Inscription & Translations

Diplomatic Interpretative Verse Visualisation

VALERIA[·]
ANXLPI[]
vacat

INVIDAFATAQVIDESTQV[---]
RAPTAPEREGRINOCONTVMV[····]
5SEXETVIGINTINOBISCVMDE[]
CASTAPIAEXEMPLVMSO[---]
HOCLICETINSAXSOIACEASIN[---]
PECTOREETINNOSTROFIXSA[---]
TVQVIPRAETERIENSPERCVRRIS[---]
10DICPRECORHOC:CRENESITTIB[]

Valeria [. l(iberta?) Crene],
an(norum) XL, p(ia) i(n) [s(uis), h(ic) s(ita) e(st)].
( vac. 1 line)

Invida fata, quid est qu[od ---]
rapta, peregrino contumu[lata . c. 4.].
5Sex et viginti nobiscum de[gerat annos],
casta, pia, exemplum soḷạ [---].
Hoc licet in saxso iaceas, in[---]
pectore et in nostro fixsa ṭ[---].
Tu qui praeteriens percurris [---]
10dic, precor, hoc: Crene, sit tib[i terra levis].

Valeria [. l(iberta?) Crene], an(norum) XL, p(ia) i(n) [s(uis), h(ic) s(ita) e(st)]. ( vac. 1 line)

Invida fata, quid est qu[od ---]
rapta, peregrino contumu[lata . c. 4.].
Sex et viginti nobiscum de[gerat annos],
casta, pia, exemplum soḷạ [---].
Hoc licet in saxso iaceas, in[---]
pectore et in nostro fixsa ṭ[---].
Tu qui praeteriens percurris [---]
dic, precor, hoc: Crene, sit tib[i terra levis].

Apparatus

l.7 reg., orig. saxso
l.8 reg., orig. fixsa

Text follows CLEBetica. Picture checked by Spalla 2025.
l. 1: Valer(ia) ?..., Recio Veganzones.
l. 2: s(uos) [h(ic) s(ita)] / e(st), Recio Veganzones.
l. 3: qu[od ?]..., Recio Veganzones. qu[od Crene nostra subito?], CILA. qu[od Crene nostra recessit?], CIL. qu[od Crene nostra recessit], CLEHisp; CLE.
l. 4: rapt(im)...signaq(ue) commu...?, Recio Veganzones. contumu[lata solo], CILA; CIL. contumu[lata solo]?, Hernández Pérez; CLEHisp; CLE.
l. 5: .......onit? vobiscum ........, Recio Veganzones. de[geret annos], CILA.
l. 6: sola [perenne dedit], CILA; CIL. sola [perenne dedit] (?), CLEHisp; CLE.
l. 7: hoc lict in. sam...sa? sib[i]..., Recio Veganzones. in [saecula cuncta], CILA; CIL. in [saecula cuncta (?)], CLEHisp. in [--- cuncta] (?), CLE.
l. 8: se et in nostro fixa......., Recio Veganzones. fixsa [manebis item], CILA. fixsa +[---], CIL. fixsa ṭ[amen maneas], CLEHisp; CLE.
l. 9: Tu qui proeteriens percurris v[iam]... vel Tu qui praeteriens percurris v[iam]..., Recio Veganzones. percurris [busta viator], CILA; CIL. percurris [carmina nostra] (?), CLE.

Main Translation

Translation	The freedwoman (?) Valeria Crene, lies here at the age of forty, beloved by her family. Cruel fate, what is there that ... snatched away, buried in a foreign land ... She spent twenty-six years with us, pure, devoted, she alone ... an example ... Though you lie beneath this stone ... hold you in our heart ... You who hasten through, passing by ... I beg you, say this: "Crene, may the earth be light upon you".
Citation	Fabio Spalla

Other Translations

Valeria (Crene), de cuarenta años, querida por (los suyos, aquí está enterrada). Destino cruel, ¿qué razón hay para que (haya muerto nuestra querida Crene?). Arrebatada, enterrada en suelo extranjero, había pasado con nosotros veintiséis años. Honorada, cariñosa, ella sola (nos dio) un ejemplo (imperecedero). Aunque estés bajo esta lápida por (los siglos de los siglos), igualmente (te guardaremos) clavada en nuestro pecho. Tú que al pasar caminando por aquí observas ***, pronuncia estas palabras, te lo ruego: Crene, que no te pese la tierra. (Spanish, C. Fernández Martínez, R. Carande Herrero)

Prosopographical Information

Name Valeria Crene
Gender Female
Age Range Adult (21–60) [expression: Canonical, precision: high]
Origin Foreign
Legal Status Freedman / Freedwoman
Role Dedicatee

Name	Valeria Crene
Gender	Female
Age Range	Adult (21–60) [expression: Canonical, precision: high]
Origin	Foreign
Legal Status	Freedman / Freedwoman
Role	Dedicatee

Further Information

Comment

Dating proposed by González Fernández (CILA).

Squeeze

Have Squeeze?	no

Dating

Date (From)	101 AD
Date (To)	200 AD
Date (Criteria)	palaeography

Bibliography

CILA 02, 03, 00657 (with Spanish translation and photo, 390, fig. 390; also on dating)
CIL 02 (2nd ed.), 05, 01074
CLEBetica SE13 (with Spanish translation and photo, 96) - HEp 2005
CLEHisp 00044
CLE 02356
A. Recio Veganzones, Inscripciones romanas de la Betica: Estepa, Osuna, Martos y Porcuna, Boletín del Instituto de Estudios Giennenses 90 (1976), 95-97, nr. 34. 🔗 link
R. Atencia Paéz, Dos series epigráficas ursaonenses en Málaga, Gibralfaro. Revista del Instituto de Estudios Malagueños 29 (1978), 191-195 (with photo) 🔗 link
R. Hernández Pérez, Poesía latina sepulcral de la Hispania romana: estudios de los tópicos y sus formulaciones, Valencia 2001, 61-62, nr. 60 - HEp 2001 🔗 link
HEp 2001, 00461
C. Fernández Martínez, R. Carande, Elegía a Valeria Crene (CIL II/2 5, 1074). In: P. Conde Parrado (ed.), I. Velázquez Soriano (ed.), La filología latina. Mil años más, Burgos 2009, 541-548 - HEp 2005 🔗 link
HEp 2005, 00317
C. Fernández Martínez, De mulieribus epigraphicis. Tradición e innovación, Seville 2010, 87-96, nr. 6 (with Spanish translation and photo, 87) 🔗 link
CLEO SE18 🔗 link
EDCS-08701152 🔗 link
HD031655 🔗 link
HEpOl 3316 🔗 link
MQDQ 🔗 link

Images

Epitaph of Valeria Crene.
Source: CLEO SE18 (c) C. Fernández Martínez

Editing History

Created	2025-10-19, by Eric Andreas Kunz
Work Status	Complete
Import Notice	Imported from Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg at 2024-07-11T12:06:08, ID there: HD031655

Revisions

by Unknown
at 2024-07-11 12:06
by Eric Andreas Kunz
at 2024-08-10 11:59
by Anna Pokorny
at 2025-01-29 15:54
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-24 08:58
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-24 09:26
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-24 09:30
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-29 08:43
by Chiara Cenati
at 2025-10-19 12:28

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