Inscriptions: Epitaph of a man killed by bandits, dedicated by his son and sons-in-law

Identification

Reference as:	MPL02235
Title	Epitaph of a man killed by bandits, dedicated by his son and sons-in-law
Trismegistos-No.	234334

Object

Provenance and Location

Find Place	Requena
Find Context	Found along the National Highway 322, 2km from El Pontón, on the "El Ardal" estate, during soil removal, 1975.
Latitude	0.0
Longitude	0.0
Current Location	Requena, in situ
Inventory number
Current Location Details
Vicinity	[{"coords": [39.4883, -1.10044], "id": 2235, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2235", "long_id": "MPL02235", "place": "Requena", "text": "Iu[---]++ +V\u0323[---] S\u0323osi-n\u0323a++g\u0323i f(ilius) Gili-t\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://db.edcs.eu/epigr/bilder/$ZPE_192_306_1.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of a man killed by bandits, dedicated by his son and sons-in-law"}, {"coords": [39.6781, -0.277247], "id": 815, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/815", "long_id": "MPL00815", "place": "Saguntum (Sagunto)", "text": "M(arcus) Acilius L(uci) f(ilius) Fontanus. Eri\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Funerary inscription for Marcus Acilius Fontanus"}, {"coords": [39.6781, -0.277247], "id": 866, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/866", "long_id": "MPL00866", "place": "Saguntum (Sagunto)", "text": "[\u2066 - - - - - - - - - - \u2069] [\u2066 - - - - - - - - - - \u2069\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Saguntum, bei \u2013 Mont\u00edver (Mont\u00edber) (Hispania citerior) - HD026147"}, {"coords": [40.0353, -0.555], "id": 826, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/826", "long_id": "MPL00826", "place": "Mont\u00e1n ", "text": "M(arcus) Marius Lascivos h(ic) s(itus) e(st) tu qu\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Mont\u00e1n (Montant) (Hispania citerior) - HD012356"}, {"coords": [39.4704, -0.376813], "id": 860, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/860", "long_id": "MPL00860", "place": "Valentia", "text": "Pius pr(a)eclarus doctor alacer facundus Iustinian\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Elogium from Valentia \u2013 Valencia (Hispania citerior) - HD024284"}, {"coords": [39.4704, -0.376813], "id": 861, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/861", "long_id": "MPL00861", "place": "Valentia", "text": "Constructu(m) p[---cu]rrunt fastigium quis[--- a?]\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Building/dedicatory inscription from Valentia \u2013 Valencia (Hispania citerior) - HD024287"}, {"coords": [39.4704, -0.376813], "id": 862, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/862", "long_id": "MPL00862", "place": "Valentia", "text": "[\u2066 - - - - - - - - - - \u2069] [b?]ona liq[uet?] [---]l\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Inscription from Valentia \u2013 Valencia (Hispania citerior) - HD024293"}, {"coords": [40.811, 0.520955], "id": 868, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/868", "long_id": "MPL00868", "place": "Dertosa", "text": "C(aius) Aebutius Tardus C(aius) Aebutius Verecundu\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Funerary inscription for C. Aebutius Tardus and C. Aebutius Verecundus"}, {"coords": [37.6028, -0.987953], "id": 927, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/927", "long_id": "MPL00927", "place": "Carthago Nova", "text": "Mater, si posse[m], fili vice mortis s[---]. Nunc \u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph of Philocalus by his mother Aucta and sister Adventa"}, {"coords": [37.6028, -0.987953], "id": 928, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/928", "long_id": "MPL00928", "place": "Carthago Nova", "text": "Argentaria C(ai) f(ilia) Faustil(la) octavos cum i\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Carthago Nova \u2013 Cartagena (Hispania citerior) - HD037645"}, {"coords": [37.6028, -0.987953], "id": 929, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/929", "long_id": "MPL00929", "place": "Carthago Nova", "text": "C(aius) Licinius C(ai) f(ilius) Torax hospes consi\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Carthago Nova \u2013 Cartagena (Hispania citerior) - HD037760"}, {"coords": [37.6028, -0.987953], "id": 930, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/930", "long_id": "MPL00930", "place": "Carthago Nova", "text": "M(arcus) Oppius M(arci) f(ilius) fore(n)sis ars hi\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Carthago Nova \u2013 Cartagena (Hispania citerior) - HD037778"}, {"coords": [37.6028, -0.987953], "id": 931, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/931", "long_id": "MPL00931", "place": "Carthago Nova", "text": "Filiola\u0323[m] amisit pa[trem], materque sequtast ips\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/mu5-scaled.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of the household slave Salviola"}, {"coords": [37.6028, -0.987953], "id": 932, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/932", "long_id": "MPL00932", "place": "Carthago Nova", "text": "Sicinia C(ai) f(ilia) Secunda filia cum matre est \u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Carthago Nova \u2013 Cartagena (Hispania citerior) - HD037805"}, {"coords": [37.6028, -0.987953], "id": 933, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/933", "long_id": "MPL00933", "place": "Carthago Nova", "text": "[Q(uintus) Lusius] L(uci) f(ilius) Seni[ca] [molle\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Carthago Nova, bei \u2013 Cartagena, bei (Hispania citerior) - HD037944"}, {"coords": [37.6028, -0.987953], "id": 2219, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2219", "long_id": "MPL02219", "place": "Carthago Nova", "text": "Vinuleia L(uci) l(iberta) Calena. Heic sitast. F\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://cil.bbaw.de/ace/files/PH0001333.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of the freedwoman Vinuleia Calena by her daughter"}, {"coords": [37.6028, -0.987953], "id": 2220, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2220", "long_id": "MPL02220", "place": "Carthago Nova", "text": "Sei quaer\u0323i\u0323s\u0323 nomen, [co]n\u0323s\u0323i\u0323s\u0323-te et percipe\u0323 \u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/mu13b.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of of the freedwoman Pontiliena"}, {"coords": [37.6028, -0.987953], "id": 2227, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2227", "long_id": "MPL02227", "place": "Carthago Nova", "text": "\|A Plotia L(uci) et F\u0323ufiae l(iberta).- Prune ha\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://db.edcs.eu/epigr/bilder/$CIL_02_03495.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of the freedwoman Plotia"}, {"coords": [38.8428, 0.107511], "id": 935, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/935", "long_id": "MPL00935", "place": "Dianium", "text": "C(aius) Iul(ius) H[---] sibi et Co[rneliae] Sphr[a\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Dianium \u2013 Denia (Hispania citerior) - HD039492"}, {"coords": [38.8428, 0.107511], "id": 938, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/938", "long_id": "MPL00938", "place": "Dianium", "text": "M(arcus) Acilius Eros h(ic) s(itus) e(st), pistor.\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/v7.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of the baker Marcus Acilius Eros by his freedmen and freedwomen"}, {"coords": [39.6167, -0.3], "id": 867, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/867", "long_id": "MPL00867", "place": "Saguntum (Pu\u00e7ol)", "text": "[.Vale]rius L(uci) f(ilius) Mar-[cell]us an(norum)\u2026", "thumbnail_url": null, "title": "Epitaph from Saguntum, bei \u2013 Pu\u00e7ol (Puzol) (Hispania citerior) - HD026357"}, {"coords": [39.8853, -2.81302], "id": 2224, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2224", "long_id": "MPL02224", "place": "Segobriga", "text": "Above frame: [N]olet amissos post mortem quaer\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://institucional.us.es/cleo/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/cu4-scaled.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of the slave Iucunda by her mother Nigella"}, {"coords": [39.8112, -2.14935], "id": 2226, "item_url": "https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscriptions/show/2226", "long_id": "MPL02226", "place": "Valeria", "text": "Above frame: D(is) M(anibus) s(acrum). Within fra\u2026", "thumbnail_url": "https://cil.bbaw.de/ace/resources/PH/0020001-0025000/PH0022762.jpg", "title": "Epitaph of the charioteer Aelius Hermeros by his father Hermia, a public slave"}]

Object Details

Object Type	block
Material	limestone
State of Preservation	incomplete
Dimensions	width: 42.0 cm height: 55.0 cm depth: 32.0 cm
Letter Size in cm (min)	3.0
Letter Size in cm (max)	4.0
Execution Technique	chiselled
Religion	Pagan

Decoration

Decoration and Iconography
Decoration Tags

Verse Layouts

Prose Verse Presence	Praescriptum + carmen
Prose Verse Distinction	No distinction
Layout Types (Prose)	Left aligned
Layout Types (Verse)	Left aligned
Scriptio Continua in verse part	no
Abbreviations in verse part	yes
Verse Line Correspondence	No
Graphic Signs and Spaces for Easier Carmen Reading	To separate words - Interpunction

Text

Function	funerary inscription
Language(s)	Latin
Verse Type(s)	Dactylic hexameter
Rhythmisation	Quantitative scheme

Inscription & Translations

Diplomatic Interpretative Verse Visualisation

IV[---]··
·[---]OSI
A··IFGILI
TAN·[]
5[]N
[]MMANVO
CISVSSVM

FILI
VSETGENERES
HO[]MIHIFM
10[]NVMENTVM

Iu[---]++
+Ṿ[---] Ṣosi-
ṇa++g̣i f(ilius) Gili-
t(anus) an(norum) + ḥ(ic) [s(itus)] ẹ(st).
5Ḍọḷọ [la]ṭṛọn-
[u]m manu o<c>-
cisus sum. -

Fili-
us et generes
ho[c] mihi f(ecerunt) m-
10[o]numentum.

Iu[---]++ Ṿ[---] Ṣosiṇa++g̣i f(ilius) Gilit(anus) an(norum) + ḥ(ic) [s(itus)] ẹ(st). Ḍọḷọ [la]ṭṛọn[u]m manu o<c>cisus sum.

Filius et generes ho[c] mihi f(ecerunt) m[o]numentum.

Apparatus

Text follows Abascal. Picture checked by Spalla 2025.
ll. 1-3: [-] Iu[ni]us(?) L(uci) (?) Iu/ni (?) f[iliu]s (?) Sosi/naibole, Corell i Vicent 1987. Ịu[ni]ụṣ Ḷ(uci) Ịụ/ṇị f̣(ilius) Sosi/naịḅole, Gómez Pallarès 2002. [-.] Iunius Iu/ni f[il.] Sosi/nai ḍọṃọ Gili/tanụs, Corell 2008. Iu[ni]us.. / [---] Sosi/na...., CLEHisp. Iu[ni]us L(uci) Iu/ni Sosi/na..g̣i f(ilius), CLE.
ll. 5-6: [lat]ron/um, Corell i Vicent 1987; CLEHisp; CLE. ḍoḷo [---]ṛonum, Gómez Pallarès 2002.

Main Translation

Translation	... son of ... from Gili, lies here at the age of ... Deceived, I was killed by the hand of bandits. My son and sons-in-law put up this monument for me.
Citation	Fabio Spalla

Other Translations

¿? Junio Sosinaibole, hijo de Lucio Junio, gilitano, está aquísepultudo. Fui muerto a traición por una banda de salteadores. Mi hijo y mis yernos me han erigido este monumento. (Spanish, J. Corell i Vicent 1987)
El seu fill i els gendres m'han fet aquest recordatori. (Catalan, J. Gómez Pallarès 2002)

Prosopographical Information

Further Information

Comment

Dating proposed by Abascal. Corell i Vicent 1987 and Gómez Pallarès 2002 both propose a dating to the broad 1st century AD, based on the name of the dedicatee in the nominative and the absence of the Dis Manibus formula. Cugusi (CLEHisp and CLE) also agrees with a dating to the broad 1st century AD.

Squeeze

Have Squeeze?	no

Dating

Date (From)	31 AD
Date (To)	100 AD
Date (Criteria)	formulae palaeography

Bibliography

CLEHisp 00112 (also on dating)
CLE 02428 (also on dating)
CIL 02 (2nd ed.), 13, 01134 (with photos, 480, figg. α-β)
J. Corell, Dos inscripciones inéditas de Requena (Valencia), Faventia 9, 2 (1987), 111-118, nr. 2 (with Spanish translation and photo, 113; also on dating) - AE 1989, HEp 1990 🔗 link
AE 1989, 00480
HEp 1990, 00709
J. Gómez Pallarès, Cultura literaria en el corpus de los CLE Hispaniae hasta época flavia. In: F. Beltrán Lloris (ed.), Roma y el nacimiento de la cultura epigráfica en occidente. Actas del Coloquio Roma y las Primeras Culturas Epigráficas del Occidente Mediterráneo (siglos II a.E.-I d.E.). Zaragoza, 4 a 6 noviembre de 1992, Zaragoza 1995, 155-156. 🔗 link
J. Gómez Pallarès, Initia de los Carmina Latina Epigraphica Hispaniae (Conventus Tarraconensis) (I), Faventia 17, 1 (1995), 84, nr. V3. 🔗 link
J. Corell i Vicent, X. Gómez i Font, Inscripcions romanes d'Edeta i el seu territori, València 1996, 197-198, nr. 141. 🔗 link
R. Hernández Pérez, Poesía latina sepulcral de la Hispania romana: estudios de los tópicos y sus formulaciones, Valencia 2001, 321. 🔗 link
J. Gómez Pallarès, Poesia epigràfica llatina als països catalans. Edició i comentari, Barcelona 2002, 162-164, nr. V3 (with Catalan translation of ll. 7-10 and photo, tab. 35; also on dating) - HEp 2002 🔗 link
HEp 2002, 00447
J. Corell, Inscripcions romanes del País Valencià, Vol. 4 (Edetà i el seu territori), València 2008, 228-230, nr. 179 - HEp 2008 🔗 link
HEp 2008, 00187
J. M. Abascal, Inscripciones romanas de Cuenca, Toledo y Valencia (Hispania Citerior, "Conventus Carthaginiensis"), Zeitschr. Pap. Ep. 192 (2014), 305-308, nr. 3 (with photos and drawing, 307, figg. 3-4; also on dating) - AE 2014, HEp 2014-2015 🔗 link
AE 2014, 00761
HEp 2014-2015, 00771
CLEO V3 🔗 link
EDCS-11701326 🔗 link
HD015603 🔗 link
HEpOl 15216 🔗 link
MQDQ 🔗 link

Images

Epitaph of a man killed by bandits by his son and sons-in-law.
Source: EDCS-11701326 (c) J. M. Abascal
Drawing of the block with epitaph of a man killed by bandits.
Source: EDCS-11701326 (c) J. M. Abascal

Editing History

Created	2025-10-08, by Fabio Spalla
Work Status	Complete
Import Notice

Revisions

by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-25 09:06
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-25 09:15
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-25 09:24
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-25 09:25
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-25 09:26
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-25 10:10
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-25 11:50
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-25 11:51
by Fabio Spalla
at 2025-09-29 08:49
by Chiara Cenati
at 2025-10-08 14:45

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