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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Stele with epitaph of the slave Alexander by his mother</title>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>created by</resp>
                    <name>Fabio Spalla</name>
                    <note>Imported from Epigraphic Database Roma at 2024-08-22T14:41:45, ID there: EDR111634</note>
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                <authority>MAPPOLA Database</authority>
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                    <licence target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 license.
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                <idno type="localID">MPL01406</idno>
                <idno type="TM">283770</idno>
                <idno type="URI">https://db.mappola.eu/r/Inscription/show/1406</idno>
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                <msDesc>
                    <msIdentifier>
                        <repository>Chieti, Museo Archeologico Nazionale</repository>
                        <idno>9101 ex A.T. 390</idno>
                    </msIdentifier>
                    <physDesc>
                        <objectDesc>
                            <supportDesc>
                                <support>
                                    <objectType ref="https://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/objtyp/lod/250">stele</objectType>
                                    <material ref="https://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/material/lod/60">limestone</material>
                                    <rs type="statPreserv">complete</rs>
                                    <dimensions unit="cm">
                                        <width>48.0</width>
                                        <height>102.0</height>
                                        <depth>31.0</depth>
                                    </dimensions>
                                    
                                    <rs type="decoration">Stele topped by triangular pediment. At the centre of the stele, niche containing the full portrait of the deceased wearing a toga. Praescriptum inscribed on tympanum above the niche, ll. 3-18 inscibred to the right of the niche, l. 19 inscribed on base below the niche.</rs>
                                    
                                    
                                    <rs type="decoration" ref="https://db.mappola.eu/r/ObjectDecorationTags/show/159">Object / Toga</rs>
                                    
                                    <rs type="decoration" ref="https://db.mappola.eu/r/ObjectDecorationTags/show/186">Person / portrait</rs>
                                    
                                    <rs type="decoration" ref="https://db.mappola.eu/r/ObjectDecorationTags/show/57">Architecture / niche</rs>
                                    
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                                    <rs type="execution" ref="https://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/writing/lod/1">chiselled</rs>
                                    

                                    
                                    <rs type="execution" ref="https://db.mappola.eu/r/ProseVersePresences/show/3">Prose + Verse + Prose</rs>
                                    

                                    
                                    <rs type="execution" ref="https://db.mappola.eu/r/ProseVerseDistinctions/show/5">Yes, by different layout</rs>
                                    

                                    
                                    <rs type="execution" ref="https://db.mappola.eu/r/VerseLineCorrespondences/show/8">No</rs>
                                    

                                    
                                    <rs type="execution" ref="https://db.mappola.eu/r/CarmenReadingSigns/show/17">To separate words - Interpunction </rs>
                                    

                                    
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                                <dimensions>
                                    <height unit="cm">2.1-3.0</height>
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                        <origin>
                            <origPlace>
                                <placeName type="ancient"
                                    ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/413333">
                                    Theate Marrucinorum
                                </placeName>
                            </origPlace>
                            <origDate notBefore-custom="-0050" notAfter-custom="-0001"
                                datingMethod="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_calendar"
                                evidence="palaeography archaeology">-50--1</origDate>
                        </origin>
                        <provenance type="found">
                            <placeName type="ancient"
                                ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/413333">
                                Theate Marrucinorum
                            </placeName>
                            <placeName type="findspot">Chieti, found near the church of Santa Maria di Calvona, property of Giacomo de Rito, site of an ancient graveyard, 1880.</placeName>
                            <geo>42.3518 14.1672</geo>
                        </provenance>
                        <provenance type="observed"></provenance>
                        <provenance type="observed" subtype="squeeze-taken">no</provenance>
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            <langUsage>
                <language ident="grc">Greek</language>
                <language ident="grc-la">Greek-Latin</language>
                <language ident="la">Latin</language>
                <language ident="mul">Multilingual</language>
                <language ident="grc-Latn">Ancient Greek written in Latin script</language>
                <language ident="la-Grek">Latin written in Greek script</language>
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                <keywords>
                    <term ref="https://www.eagle-network.eu/voc/typeins/lod/92">funerary inscription</term>
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            <particDesc>
                <p>
                    <listPerson>
                        <person gender="Male" age="none" role="Dedicatee">
                            <persName>
                                <name>Alexander</name>
                            </persName>
                        </person>
                        
                    </listPerson>
                </p>
            </particDesc>
        </profileDesc>
        <revisionDesc>
            <change when="2024-08-22T14:41:44" who="Unknown"></change>
            <change when="2024-10-08T09:26:42" who="Eric Andreas Kunz"></change>
            <change when="2024-10-08T09:27:03" who="Eric Andreas Kunz"></change>
            <change when="2025-01-30T12:03:13" who="Anna Pokorny"></change>
            <change when="2025-12-15T10:37:52" who="Fabio Spalla"></change>
            <change when="2025-12-15T10:43:34" who="Fabio Spalla"></change>
            <change when="2025-12-15T10:56:26" who="Fabio Spalla"></change>
            <change when="2025-12-15T11:01:03" who="Fabio Spalla"></change>
            <change when="2025-12-18T17:48:46" who="Chiara Cenati"></change>
            <change when="2026-09-01T07:59:39" who="Anna Martelli"></change>
            
        </revisionDesc>
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    <facsimile>
        <graphic url="https://db.edcs.eu/epigr/bilder/$CLE_00170.jpg"><desc>Source: EDCS-31900257</desc></graphic>
        
    </facsimile>
    <text>
        <body>
            <div type="edition" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="la">
                <ab type="praescriptum">
<div type="textpart" subtype="section" n="Tympanum:">
<lb n="1"/>Alexander,
<lb n="2"/>Maraidi <expan><abbr>Sex</abbr><ex>ti</ex></expan> <expan><abbr>s</abbr><ex>ervus</ex></expan>.
</div>
</ab>
<ab>
<div type="textpart" subtype="section" n="Right side of niche:">
<lg met="iambic.senarius">
<l met="iambic.senarius"><lb n="3"/><choice><reg>Quod</reg><orig>Qu<unclear>o</unclear><supplied reason="undefined" evidence="previouseditor">t</supplied></orig></choice> <lb n="4"/>pa<unclear>r</unclear> <lb n="5"/>par<unclear>e</unclear><supplied reason="undefined" evidence="previouseditor"><hi rend="ligature">nt</hi>i</supplied> <lb n="6"/><choice><reg>decus</reg><orig>dequ<supplied reason="undefined" evidence="previouseditor">s</supplied></orig></choice> <lb n="7"/><expan><abbr>facer</abbr><ex>et</ex></expan> <lb n="8"/>fili<supplied reason="undefined" evidence="previouseditor">us</supplied>,</l>
<l met="iambic.senarius"><lb n="9"/>mor<supplied reason="undefined" evidence="previouseditor">s</supplied> <lb n="10"/>im<supplied reason="omitted">m</supplied>a<unclear>t</unclear><supplied reason="undefined" evidence="previouseditor">u</supplied><lb n="11" break="no"/>r<supplied reason="undefined" evidence="previouseditor">a</supplied> <lb n="12"/>adem<lb n="13" break="no"/>it <lb n="14"/>ut <lb n="15"/>face<lb n="16" break="no"/>ret <lb n="17"/>mat<supplied reason="undefined" evidence="previouseditor">e</supplied><supplied reason="lost">r</supplied> <lb n="18"/>filio.</l>
</lg></div></ab>
<ab type="postscriptum">
<div type="textpart" subtype="line" n="Base:">
<lb n="19"/>Alexandro.
</div>
</ab>
            </div>
            <div type="apparatus">
                <p>Text follows CIL. Picture checked by Spalla 2025.</p>
            </div>
            
            <div type="translation" xml:lang="en" resp="V. González Berdús, P. Kruschwitz">
                <p>Alexander, slave of Sextus Maraidius. An untimely death prevented what would have been fair that the son did for the parent, so the mother had to do it for her son Alexander.</p>
            </div>
            
            <div type="translation" xml:lang="Spanish" resp="C. Fernández Martínez">
                <p>Las honras fúnebres que debió haber hecho el hijo para su madre, una muerte prematura obligó a que la madre las hiciera para su hijo.</p>
            </div>
            <div type="translation" xml:lang="Italian" resp="M. Buonocore">
                <p>Una morte prematura impedì quel naturale tributo che il figlio avrebbe dovuto rendere al proprio genitore, cosicché fu la madre a renderlo al proprio figlio.</p>
            </div>
            
            <div type="commentary">
                <p>Dating proposed by Buonocore (CIL).</p>
            </div>
            <div type="bibliography">
                <listBibl>
                    <bibl>EphEp 08, 00126</bibl>
                    <bibl>CLE 00170</bibl>
                    <bibl>SupplIt 02, 00126</bibl>
                    <bibl>CIL 09, 01, 02, 07003 (with Italian translation; also on dating)</bibl>
                    <bibl>E. Diehl, Vulgärlateinische Inschriften, Bonn 1910, 142, no. 1494.</bibl>
                    <bibl>M. Buonocore, G. Firpo, Fonti latine e greche per la storia dell&#39;Abruzzo antico 1, Padova 1991, 404, no. 43.</bibl>
                    <bibl>M. R. Di Mino, L. Nista, M. Buonocore, Gentes et principes. Iconografia romana in Abruzzo, Chieti 1993, 110-111, no. 39 - AE 1993</bibl>
                    <bibl>AE 1993, 00568</bibl>
                    <bibl>M. Buonocore, &#34;Carmina latina epigraphica regionis IV augusteae&#34;. Avvio ad un censimento, Giorn. It. Filol.  49 (1997), 34, no. 18.</bibl>
                    <bibl>C. Fernández Martínez, Poesía epigráfica latina I, Madrid 1998, 148, no. 170 (Spanish translation of ll. 3-18)</bibl>
                    <bibl>M. Buonocore, L&#39;Abruzzo e il Molise in età romana tra storia ed epigrafia, Vol. 1, L&#39;Aquila 2002, 124, no. 2, 176, no. 18 (with photo, Vol. 2, 936, fig. 6)</bibl>
                    <bibl>V. González Berdús, P. Kruschwitz, Connecting the dots: some thoughts on the spread and diffusion of recurrent Carmina Latina Epigraphica, SEBarc  21 (2023), 149, no. 1 (with English translation)</bibl>
                    <bibl>https://edcs.hist.uzh.ch/monument/31900257 | EDCS-31900257</bibl>
                    <bibl>http://www.edr-edr.it/edr_programmi/res_complex_comune.php?do=book&amp;id_nr=EDR111634 | EDR111634</bibl>
                    <bibl>https://www.mqdq.it/textsce/CE|ce|0170 | MQDQ</bibl>
                    
                </listBibl>
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